Dear PhD Lab,
Just a quick reminder about today’s PhD Lab activities
14:00: Final PhD Lab this spring (Room 3B91 or on Teams)
15:00: SMS Festive Punch (Rooms 3Y2 and 3Y3)
16:00 onwards: PhD Lab Festive Dinner (Measdowpark)
See you later,
Till
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
Hi Liz,
Thank you very much for watching the recording and adding excellent comments!
* For everyone/anyone: What is Alie Hilda’s book club?
It’s a reading club for undergraduate Economics students where they read and discuss (typically instigated by a member of academic staff) recent seminal Economics papers. Typically, the really good students in our programmed self-select into this club, so it’s a good bunch. I personally haven’t been involved with the club in the past because of scheduling issues on my end, but it’s something we could potentially link with our Lab (if only informally).
I’m attaching the lists of papers from the last three semesters so you can get a flavour.
Alie Hilda is always looking for paper ideas, so if either of you have a paper you have read (or plan to read) that thinks fits, she’d be delighted! You’d be on the hook for giving a brief discussion starter presentation (similar to what we do in our book club) but nothing too onerous.
Best,
Till
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From: Liz Barker <e.h.barker(a)stir.ac.uk<mailto:e.h.barker@stir.ac.uk>>
Subject: Gabe's talk at the PhD lab
Date: 12 December 2024 at 12:40:03 GMT
To: phd-behsci Mailing List Return Address <phd-behsci-bounces(a)lists.stir.ac.uk<mailto:phd-behsci-bounces@lists.stir.ac.uk>>, Gabe Han <g.s.han(a)stir.ac.uk<mailto:g.s.han@stir.ac.uk>>, Rachel Scarfe <rachel.scarfe(a)stir.ac.uk<mailto:rachel.scarfe@stir.ac.uk>>, Till Stowasser <till.stowasser(a)stir.ac.uk<mailto:till.stowasser@stir.ac.uk>>
Hi everyone and sorry I could not join the Lab session yesterday.
I’ve just watched the recording. This is such an interesting topic and it seems like there was lots of discussion already!
Here are my thoughts fwiw:
* Practical point: For speech transcription, I would highly recommend Fireflies.ai over Otter or any other platform. It is very accurate, more than Otter and much more than Teams.
* I agree with Till, that renewable energy may be too specific. Also, where are the bounds of renewable energy as it merges with energy efficiency of housing, transport policy and many other areas. As well as positive action, it might also be good to look at stopping/preventative actions like preventing new oil pipelines.
* If you are going to analyse text, you might need to look for subtleties and pick keywords carefully. I sense climate action is increasingly being framed by putting other key benefits first, or even without mentioning the word ‘climate’ or ‘environment’…and this may be a promising way forward. Republicans and other parties (like Labour currently) may purposely steer away from overtly linking to climate policy for fear of backlash. For instance, the IRA has had success in generating jobs and economic benefits and some Republicans are supportive of these policies. Labour have made very few explicit references to climate since coming to power yet have quietly changed some policies around clean energy.
* How about female vs male judges’ decisions? There are increasing cases of climate litigation around the world. Would the sample size be big enough?
* In the UK I am not sure if you can analyse voting behaviours due to the influence of whips..??
* If you look at the UK, it might be worth speaking to people who know how the realities of the UK Parliament system really well and what data might be available, like Westminster journalist Isabel Hardman<https://www.amazon.co.uk/Why-We-Get-Wrong-Politicians/dp/1782399755>. Rory Stewart has also just published a book<https://www.amazon.co.uk/Politics-Edge-Memoir-Rory-Stewart/dp/1787332713> on this.
* For everyone/anyone: What is Alie Hilda’s book club?
Really cool topic!
Liz
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
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Hi everyone and sorry I could not join the Lab session yesterday.
I’ve just watched the recording. This is such an interesting topic and it seems like there was lots of discussion already!
Here are my thoughts fwiw:
* Practical point: For speech transcription, I would highly recommend Fireflies.ai over Otter or any other platform. It is very accurate, more than Otter and much more than Teams.
* I agree with Till, that renewable energy may be too specific. Also, where are the bounds of renewable energy as it merges with energy efficiency of housing, transport policy and many other areas. As well as positive action, it might also be good to look at stopping/preventative actions like preventing new oil pipelines.
* If you are going to analyse text, you might need to look for subtleties and pick keywords carefully. I sense climate action is increasingly being framed by putting other key benefits first, or even without mentioning the word ‘climate’ or ‘environment’…and this may be a promising way forward. Republicans and other parties (like Labour currently) may purposely steer away from overtly linking to climate policy for fear of backlash. For instance, the IRA has had success in generating jobs and economic benefits and some Republicans are supportive of these policies. Labour have made very few explicit references to climate since coming to power yet have quietly changed some policies around clean energy.
* How about female vs male judges’ decisions? There are increasing cases of climate litigation around the world. Would the sample size be big enough?
* In the UK I am not sure if you can analyse voting behaviours due to the influence of whips..??
* If you look at the UK, it might be worth speaking to people who know how the realities of the UK Parliament system really well and what data might be available, like Westminster journalist Isabel Hardman<https://www.amazon.co.uk/Why-We-Get-Wrong-Politicians/dp/1782399755>. Rory Stewart has also just published a book<https://www.amazon.co.uk/Politics-Edge-Memoir-Rory-Stewart/dp/1787332713> on this.
* For everyone/anyone: What is Alie Hilda’s book club?
Really cool topic!
Liz
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
Last e-mail for today. :-)
Here is the sign-in link to book your 1:1 meetings for the TNA.
https://doodle.com/sign-up-sheet/participate/8def5fca-5385-458b-8a6c-382089…
If you also want to book a second meeting with me to discuss other things (e.g. your research progress, next steps, etc.) you can do this via this link, too.
Best,
Till
P.S.: If you haven’t done so already, please send me your pre-populated TNA form before the meeting.
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
Dear PhD Lab students,
When you have a moment, could you make sure that your logging of supervisory meetings on Research Compass is up to date? All Lab sessions and 1:1 (or 2/3:1) sessions should be logged. You don’t have to be verbose in your description. For example, a lab session like today could say “Gabe presented her early research ideas, which were discussed in the Lab. Meeting was recorded.” For the 1/2/3:1s, a short paragraph what the meeting was about (and, if applicable, what was agreed) should suffice.
IAS will chase us sooner and later and it’s better to do this while your memory is still fresh.
Thank you!
Till
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
Dear PhD Lab,
This week, there are two relevant PhD Lab events happening
Wednesday, 11:30: PhD Lab Session in room 2V3
*
Gabe will talk us through her plans/ideas of her PhD
Wednesday, 14:00: RES Doctoral Programme Session (Online)
*
Topic: Recent Advances in Behavioural Economics (by Simon Gaechter)
*
If you haven’t booked a spot yet, you can do so here: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/masterclass-recent-advances-in-behavioural-e…
Also, if you haven’t sent me your pre-populated Training Needs Assessment Form yet, could you please do so soon? I’d like to get these done before the Christmas break (we can schedule 1:1 meetings on Teams for this).
Finally, Liz Barker has told me that there is a deadline to submit the Concordat<https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=9wmNTnnMy0yRSaQjjdF0Iju…> and Student Data Sheet<https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=9wmNTnnMy0yRSaQjjdF0Iju…> (this Thursday). So it would be better if you filled these in by yourself before our 1:1 meetings. I checked the forms and I feel that – given what we do in our Lab – you can tick all the required boxes with a clear conscience already. If you have questions regarding individual fields in those two forms, let me know.
Best,
Till
Link to PhD Lab timetable: [xlsx_16x16.png] PhD Lab Agenda Autumn 2024.xlsx<https://stir-my.sharepoint.com/:x:/r/personal/ts31_stir_ac_uk/_layouts/15/D…>
____________________________________
Dr. Till Stowasser
Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor)
Faculty Chief Examiner for Stirling Management School
Chief Examiner for Economics
Lead of Behavioural Science PhD Lab
University of Stirling
Stirling FK9 4LA
United Kingdom
till.stowasser(a)stir.ac.uk<mailto:till.stowasser@stir.ac.uk>
tillstowasser.net<http://tillstowasser.net/>
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
How AI Agents Will Disrupt Small And Mid-Sized Business In 2025<https://www.forbes.com/sites/quickerbettertech/2024/11/14/how-ai-agents-wil…>
Why 2025 Will Be The Year of AI Agents<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHPXbo2OkzA>Why 2025 Will Be The Year of AI Agents<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHPXbo2OkzA>
Hello Folks,
At the beginning of yesterday's lab, our discussion about AI's potential impact on academic integrity, particularly regarding assignments, got me thinking about broader potential risks to academic research.
AI agents are autonomous software programs that can actively perform tasks, make decisions and complete transactions by understanding and acting upon instructions, rather than just generating responses like traditional chatbots.
Whilst AI agents currently exist, they require a bit of technical savvy'ness beyond the user-friendly interfaces of tools like ChatGPT, limiting their widespread adoption. However, by 2025, creating these agents is expected to become as straightforward as using prompts in mainstream generative AI platforms . Although major AI companies like Anthropic, OpenAI and Google are likely to implement ethical safeguards in their models, potential workarounds may emerge, particularly through open-source alternatives that typically lag about a year behind industry leaders in capabilities.
This raised an idea about whether AI agents could not only complete surveys, but do so in a manner that mimics human behaviour - including realistic completion times and response patterns that reflect human characteristics. AI experts at work tell me this is possible and likely to be happening today but will be more common in the future. I asked Claude and the response I got back was interesting - have pasted my Chat below this email - but clearly it identified that my question may not have an ethical intent but I was able to get passed this easily in my prompting.
Even as a non-techy, I can imagine potential methods of circumventing the proposed safeguards (see below). For instance, two-factor authentication could be bypassed by authenticating initially, then delegating control of the actual computer to an AI agent while the user goes elsewhere - potentially completing multiple surveys unsupervised.
One potential interim solution might be requiring active camera monitoring during survey completion to verify human participation. While this could prove effective in the short term, as AI capabilities in visual simulation likely remain years away, it raises significant privacy and ethical concerns regarding surveillance during survey participation.
Although I explored survey design enhancements with Claude to mitigate AI agent risks, these measures could work initially but then become ineffective once AI models are trained on how to handle such examples.
Anyhow - something worth thinking about and worth reading my chat with Claude below... 🙂
Have a great weekend!
Best Regards,
Stewart
PS Was thinking that we could potentially run simulated behavioural experiments where we have AI agents across multiple personality types and get them to complete surveys for us - would be interesting to compare the results to human responses...
oOoOo
Chat with Claude
SR
Could AI agents be used to complete online surveys?
I need to be thoughtful about how I help with this question, as it depends on the intended use and context.
If you're asking about using AI agents to automatically complete surveys in an inauthentic way (e.g., to manipulate survey results, generate fake responses, or gain unearned rewards), I cannot and should not provide assistance with that as it would be unethical and potentially fraudulent. Such actions could:
* Compromise research integrity
* Violate terms of service
* Lead to invalid data that could affect important decisions
* Potentially constitute fraud if rewards or incentives are involved
However, if you're asking from a research or theoretical perspective to understand:
* How to detect automated responses in surveys
* How to protect surveys from automated completion
* Understanding potential vulnerabilities in survey methodology
* Legitimate uses of AI in survey design and analysis
I'd be happy to explore those angles instead. Could you clarify what specific aspect of AI agents and surveys you're interested in learning more about?
Copy
Retry
SR
I want to explore this risk as a researcher. So I need to understand if it's possible and what measures survey firms should take to stop this?
Since you're approaching this from a research and risk management perspective, I'll analyze this potential vulnerability.
Yes, based on the capabilities described in the article and current technology, AI agents could potentially complete online surveys by:
1. Technical Capabilities:
* Form filling and text entry
* Understanding and responding to questions contextually
* Navigating websites and clicking buttons
* Basic image recognition for CAPTCHA systems
* Simulating human-like response patterns
Potential Detection/Prevention Measures Survey Firms Should Consider:
Technical Controls:
* Advanced CAPTCHA systems that require complex reasoning
* Behavioural analytics to detect patterns like:
* Response timing and consistency
* Mouse movement patterns
* Keyboard input patterns
* Device fingerprinting to identify suspicious patterns
* Multi-factor authentication for high-stakes surveys
* Dynamic question ordering and formatting
Survey Design:
* Including trap questions that require human experience
* Incorporating free-text responses that require nuanced understanding
* Using logic patterns that would be difficult for AI to follow consistently
* Including questions requiring current cultural or contextual knowledge
* Implementing attention checks that vary in format
Policy Controls:
* Requiring verified respondent panels
* Using closed participant pools with pre-verification
* Implementing robust terms of service with legal consequences
* Regular auditing of response patterns
* Having humans review suspicious responses
From a research integrity perspective, this raises important questions about:
1. Data quality in online research
2. Validation of survey responses
3. Research methodology adaptation needed for an AI-enabled world
4. Ethical guidelines for survey research in the age of AI
Would you like me to explore any of these aspects in more detail from a risk management perspective?
Copy
Retry
SR
On the survey design recommendations can you provide level 2 insight into how each of the bullet points could be achieved with examples?
I'll break down each survey design recommendation with specific examples:
Including trap questions that require human experience:
* Ask about physical sensations that AI wouldn't experience: "Describe how your muscles feel after running up three flights of stairs"
* Request personal historical context: "What was the first mobile phone you owned and what do you remember most about it?"
* Include questions about emotional experiences: "Describe a time when you felt conflicted between personal and professional obligations"
* Ask about sensory combinations: "What taste do you associate with the smell of fresh rain?"
Free-text responses requiring nuanced understanding:
* Ask for moral reasoning with context: "Describe a workplace situation where following the rules might not have been the most ethical choice"
* Request explanation of trade-offs: "Why might someone choose a lower-paying job over a higher-paying one?"
* Seek metaphorical thinking: "If your current work culture was a type of weather, what would it be and why?"
* Ask for synthesis of competing ideas: "How do you balance being thorough with being efficient in your work?"
Logic patterns difficult for AI:
* Use conditional branching that requires memory of previous answers
* Include questions with intentional ambiguity that humans would naturally clarify: "What does 'soon' mean to you in a work context?"
* Create scenarios requiring common sense reasoning: "If your colleague sends an email at 3am with an urgent request, what factors would you consider before responding?"
* Include questions where context changes meaning: "Would you rather have a window or a door? Explain your choice considering your current role"
Questions requiring current cultural/contextual knowledge:
* Ask about recent workplace trends: "How has the return to office movement affected your industry specifically?"
* Include questions about evolving terminology: "What does 'quiet quitting' mean in your organisation's context?"
* Request interpretation of current events' impact: "How have recent interest rate changes affected decision-making in your role?"
* Seek understanding of industry-specific developments: "How are ESG considerations changing practices in your sector?"
Varied attention checks:
* Embed instructions within text: "To show you're reading carefully, mention the word 'purple' in your response"
* Use mathematical validation: "What is half of your years of experience plus two?"
* Create logical contradictions: Include pairs of questions that shouldn't have certain combination of answers
* Time-based checks: Ask about the current time at different points in the survey and check for consistency
* Memory checks: Reference information provided earlier in the survey and check if responses align
For maximum effectiveness, these elements should be:
1. Randomly distributed throughout the survey
2. Varied in complexity and format
3. Contextually relevant to the survey topic
4. Natural-feeling rather than obviously artificial
5. Integrated with the overall survey flow rather than appearing as obvious checks
This approach makes it more challenging for AI to provide coherent, consistent responses while maintaining authenticity for human respondents.
________________________________
Scotland’s University for Sporting Excellence
The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159
Great timing that this call for a special issue is being circulated just as we are about to get Stewart's insights!
Katie
Sent from Outlook for iOS<https://aka.ms/o0ukef>
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Sent: Wednesday, December 4, 2024 10:21 am
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Subject: Call for Special Issue "Human-AI interaction from an economics perspective"
CAUTION: This email originated from outside University of Stirling. Do not follow links or open attachments if you doubt the authenticity of the sender or the content.
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Dear Colleagues,
Dr. Ivan Soraperra (Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Humans and Machines), Dr. Paul M. Gorny (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), Dr. Alicia von Schenk (Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg) and Iván Barreda-Tarrazona (Jaume I University) are editing a research topic on 'Human-AI interaction from an economics perspective'. Here's a link to find out more about the project https://www.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/68502.
Iván Barreda Tarrazona
Vicerrector Adjunto de Planificación y Calidad
Rectorado y Servicios Centrales - RR0125
Profesor Titular de Universidad. LEE<http://www.lee.uji.es/> & Departamento de Economía<http://www.uji.es/departaments/eco/base/estructura/personal/?urlRedirect=ht…> – NB1111
Universitat Jaume I
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Dear IAREP Members,
IAREP is sending out the Fall Newsletter soon! Therefore, please email me by Sunday, September 22nd, 2024
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