New subject: Re : La pisciculture au Nigeria - pourquoi a t-elle était un succès ? Peut on reproduire cela ailleurs en Afrique ?

15 Sep 2011

      suite,
Olivier

Cher Patrick,
Je suis désolé, cela m'a pris un certain temps pour répondre à vos mail. 
J'ai  été très occupé et surtout hors de mon bureau. Réellement,  la 
situation de l'aquaculture au Nigeria est qu' aujourd'hui, elle est 
largement entre les mains du secteur privé, mais dans une manière 
quelque peu désordonnée et très peu réglementée. Les gens font de 
l'argent tout à fait bien, mais si elle est autorisée à continuer de la 
manière actuelle, la croissance peut devenir insoutenable. Par exemple 
peu de producteurs de silures prennent la question de la valeur ajoutée 
au sérieux et  presque tout ce qui est  produit est vendu en direct en 
bord d'étangs. La solution maintenant, c'est que le gouvernement veut 
s'attaquer au problème de façon proactive en veillant à ce que, tandis 
que plus les gens sont attirés dans la production de silure en raison 
des profits, certaines mesures soient mises en place comme la 
réglementation et d'incitation de crédit tandis que des politiques 
publique qui encourageraient l'exportation et même chercheraient à 
attirer les investisseurs étrangers dans l'industrie,  sont mises en 
place.  La FAO a juste facilité la National Aquaculture Stratégie pour 
Nigeria, qui sera sensiblement au cœur de la politique des pêches du 
Nigeria à envoyer à l'Assemblée le Nigeria pour la législation. Cette 
stratégie énonce clairement les rôles de toutes les personnes impliquées 
dans la chaîne de valeur.
Patrick, vous savez, même les 150.000 tonnes actuellement des poissons 
d'élevage (dont le poisson-chat représente environ 120 000 tonnes), est 
d'environ un sixième de la demande en poissons vis à vis des 
apporvsionements . Nous parlons d'environ 1 million tonnes par an. 
L'excitation sur l'augmentation de la production est le fait que il y a 
neuf ans, ie2002, les poissons d'élevage contribuait à moins de 30.000 
tonnes  à l'approvisionnement national en poissons.
Je recommanderai que SARNISSA met à votre disposition la publication 
sur  leur Projet d'information du Marché du Guide sur le Marché de 
l'Aquaculture pour Nigeria. il est en cours (Octobre 2010), guide qui a 
énuméré beaucoup de contacts et de partenaires commerciaux potentiels 
pour les investisseurs.
En ce qui concerne l'agriculture Black Tiger et de l'élevage de 
crevettes bien sûr généralement, il est encore à ses balbutiements au 
Nigeria. En fait, a première écloserie pour produire les nauplies était 
juste créé il y a moins d'un an avec l'aide d'un éleveur de crevettes 
thaïlandaises sous la FAO sud-sud TCDC arrangement. l'écloserie est 
situé dans un  Institut de Recherche. Un grand nombre de producteurs 
privés potentiels ont participé aux deux formations réalisées par 
l'expert avant son départ, mais l'investissement par les producteurs 
dans l'élevage de crevettes n'a pas démarré jusqu'à maintenant. J'espere 
que j'ai pu répondre à certaines de vos questions.
restons en contact. Désolé je n'ai pas de facilité de téléconférence 
dans mon bureau.
Merci.
Tunde Atanda
National Facilitator,Aquaculture
National Programme for Food Security
127,Adetokunbo Ademola Crescent,Wuse II
Abuja.
NIGERIA.
Tel(mobile):+2348035871102

Le 15/09/2011 16:54, Tunde Atanda a écrit :
...
Dear Patrick,
I'm sorry it's taking me some time responding to your mail.I've been 
quite busy and mostly out of my duty post.Really the situation of 
Nigeria Aquaculture is that even presently it's largely in the hands 
of the private sector,albeit in a somewhat uncoordinated and largely 
unregulated manner. People are making money quite alright but if it is 
allowed to continue in the present manner, the growth may become 
unsustainable. For example not many of the catfish farmers are taking 
the issue of value-addition seriously as almost everything produced is 
sold live at farmgate.The issue now is that the Government wants to 
tackle the problem proactively by ensuring that while more people are 
being attracted into catfish farming because of the profit incentive, 
certain measures will have to be put in place like regulation and 
credit incentive while policies that would encourage export and even 
attract foreign investors into the industry are put in place.The FAO 
just facilitated the National Aquaculture Strategy for Nigeria which 
will substantially be at the core of Nigeria Fisheries Policy to be 
sent to the Nigeria Assembly for legislation. This strategy clearly 
spells out the roles of everybody involved in the value chain.
Patrick, you know even the present 150,000 tonnes of farmed fish(out 
of which catfish accounts for about 120,000 tonnes),is about one-sixth 
of the shortfall in demand of fish vis-a-vis supply.We are talking of 
about 1 million tonnes per annum.The excitement on the increase in 
production is from the fact that nine years ago,i.e.2002, farmed fish 
was contributing less than 30,000 tonnes per annum to the national 
fish supply.
I will recommend that SARNISSA makes available to you the publication 
under their Market Information Project on Aquaculture Market Guide for 
Nigeria.It is a very current(October 2010) guide that listed a lot of 
contact and potential business partners for investors.
With respect to Black Tiger farming and of course shrimp farming 
generally,it's still at its infancy in Nigeria. In fact the fiirst 
dedicated hatchery to produce the nauplii was just established less 
than a year ago with the assistance of a Thai shrimp farmer under the 
FAO south-south TCDC arrangement.The hatchery is located in a Research 
Institute.A lot of private potential shrimp farmers participated in 
the two trainings conducted by the expert before he left, but 
investment by the farmers in shrimp farming is a non-starter as at 
now.I hope I've been able to answer some of your question.
Let's keep talking. Sorry I do not have teleconferencing facility in 
my office.
Thanks.
Tunde Atanda
National Facilitator,Aquaculture
National Programme for Food Security
127,Adetokunbo Ademola Crescent,Wuse II
Abuja.
NIGERIA.
Tel(mobile):+2348035871102
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*From:* Patrick Wood <patrickjwood@yahoo.com>
*To:* Sanna Sokolow <shsokolow@gmail.com>
*Cc:* sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk
*Sent:* Tuesday, 13 September 2011, 20:07
*Subject:* Re: [Sarnissa] Catfish farming in Nigeria - why has it 
succeeded ? Can it be replicated elsewhere in Africa?
Hi Sanna,
Sanna - Yes I do mean Black Tiger.
Isn´t it also interesting that in all SSA only three facilities (in 
two countries) have EU export approval for aquaculture - lots of 
packing plants, fishing vessel/factory ship approvals for extractive 
(inshore) and/or exploitive (offshore) fishing but aquaculture does 
not figure at all......all three facilities are for high value offerings.
https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/sanco/traces/output/listsPerActivity_en.htm#
In my opinion ocean resources out of SSA are really being given away - 
instead of being exchanged for a sustainable aquaculture option. The 
EU´s direction has always been to help in government capacity 
building, developing frameworks and research (yes research)- and give 
us your fish (via our companies)!
It may be radical but I believe that every fishing company in SSA 
should be mandated to invest in commercial aquaculture project in the 
country they operate in (a mentor or sponsorship effort) - and that 
way indirectly give something back and who knows, even secure their 
own futures?
Patrick
On 13/09/2011 19:46, Sanna Sokolow wrote:
...
Dear Patrick,
When you say "BT" below, do you mean black tiger prawn?
On Tue, Sep 13, 2011 at 10:23 AM, Patrick Wood 
<patrickjwood@yahoo.com <mailto:patrickjwood@yahoo.com>> wrote:
Tunde - can you give us figures on Nigerian catfish production?
    Like how much is produced? How much is exported? How much catfish
    fillets are imported into Nigeria?
From what Banjo says about profit and ease of growth for catfish
    you would expect Nigeria to be a) self sufficient b) exporting
    its surplus to other African countries.....for me that would be
    more a determination of "success"  than just an ability to have a
    production larger than neighbours....
I guess all flow through systems are easier to manage than water
    return systems (an aquaculture technology that is still in its
    infancy globally).
Where and how exactly is the Nigerian government going to invest
    in facilitating the development of the aquaculture value chain -
    are you saying there will be investment in business to be managed
    by the private sector or facilitating private sector investment
    or both?
Can you let me know what is the current status of shrimp
    aquaculture in Nigeria - is there any hope of developments as
    there is now a captive BT population offshore and the fished
    product seems to be doing well exported to Europe?
Patrick
On 13/09/2011 15:35, Tunde Atanda wrote:
...
Dear Will,
Thanks so much for always highlighting the tremendous progress
    Nigeria is making in Catfish farming. From the response and
    interactions during the COMHAFAT workshop in Libreville in June
    it's quite obvious that other African countries can also benefit
    immensely from Nigeria experience as the flow-through system is
    not too complex unlike the Water Recycling System(WRS).Apart
    from Kenya,Uganda is also making good progress in Catfish
    farming.  I can assure you that Nigeria will even do more as the
    new Government is now more determined and commited to invest on
    facilitating the  development of the Aquaculture Value Chain
    along purely business line to be driven by the private sector.
Thanks.
    Tunde Atanda
    National Facilitator,Aquaculture
    National Programme for Food Security
    127,Adetokunbo Ademola Crescent,Wuse II
    Abuja.
    NIGERIA.
    Tel(mobile):+2348035871102
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    *From:* William Leschen <william.leschen@stir.ac.uk>
    <mailto:william.leschen@stir.ac.uk>
    *To:* sarnissa-african-aquaculture Mailing List
    <sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    <mailto:sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    *Sent:* Tuesday, 13 September 2011, 12:51
    *Subject:* [Sarnissa] Catfish farming in Nigeria - why has it
    succeeded ? Can it be replicated elsewhere in Africa?
*Catfish farming in Nigeria - why has it succeeded ? Can it be
    replicated elsewhere in Africa?*
    * *
    *Description: DSCN1146Description: DSCN1150*
    * *
    * *
    *To hopefully add to the forum debate would recommend  paper by
    SARNISSA members Jim Miller and Atanda Tunde: *
    * *
    * *
    *Publications*
    * *
    *The Rise of Peri-Urban aquaculture in Nigeria ***
    * *
    *http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/earthscan/ijas/2011/00000009/00000001/...
    *
    * *
    * *
    *Also please find attached very nice (although a bit old) 
    Markets Value Chain Presentation/Report  for Clarias in Nigeria 
    - note section in the end on potential for tilapia? In Nigeria . *
    * *
    * *
    *Videos*
    *Many  Videos on Clarias in Nigeria on sarnissa website  videos
    page please check them out *
    * *
    *http://www.sarnissa.org/tiki-index.php?page=Video%20links *
    * *
    *- see one  example below of many  showing entrepreneurial
    background behind some of the producers – noting also how it
    often women who make the best hatchery operators** ***
    * *
    *http://www.5min.com/Video/Catfish-Farming-in-Nigeria-444634718 *
    * *
    * *
    * *
    *Peri-urban Clarias production in Kenya?*
    *Finally although “the jury is still out” in our discussion as
    to whether catfish production industry in Nigeria can be
    replicated elsewhere in SS Africa – the technology, design and
    management used to develop peri-urban type  Clarias farms in
    Nigeria – this is now being used in Kenya  where just outside
    Nairobi   a new Clarias fingerling  production site has just
    opened based on the Nigerian model.  We await to see  how it
    develops………*
    * *
    * *
    *Description: UNTITLED-11Description: UNTITLED-5*
    * *
    * *
    *From:* sarnissa-african-aquaculture-bounces@lists.stir.ac.uk
    <mailto:sarnissa-african-aquaculture-bounces@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    [mailto:sarnissa-african-aquaculture-bounces@lists.stir.ac.uk]
    *On Behalf Of *banjo omotoyosi
    *Sent:* 12 September 2011 19:51
    *To:* Ololade; sarnissa-african-aquaculture Mailing List
    *Subject:* Re: [Sarnissa] Fw: Freeze the Footprint of Food -
    Nature piece
    Hi Patrick,
    I really don't know the history of catfish farming in other
    African countries with reference to why it has not been
    successful in terms of its establishment. But, there are few
    things I know about Nigeria Catfish farming and its success.
    Public Awareness
    Nigerians are sensitive to businesses that generate profit at a
    very short time. Catfish reaching a marketable size withing six
    months gave this opportunity, not to talk of the short duration
    of 4-6 weeks of producing the seeds of this specie and the
    flexibilities involved in its production in terms of facilities.
    Imagine some producers producing catfish fingerlings in the
    toilet. So, "EVERYBODY" got engaged in catfish production to
    make "JUST PROFIT"
    Influx of Experts and Non-expert into the Business of Catfish
    Production
    Catfish being hardy surrendered itself to manipulation by the
    non-experts in its production. You just need to go for a three
    weeks training and you do it just like you are keeping a
    pet. Those who didn't have the opportunity to produce turned out
    to be sales agents distributing the product to "every" part of
    Nigeria.
    Population
    Although, not statistically supported, only fraction of Nigeria
    eat the Catfish produced by the producers - fish pepper soup
    joint constituting largest percentage - yet there is still a
    wide supply gap. The quantity of catfish produced within Nigeria
    cannot at the moment support the stoppage of importation as
    population far exceeds that the local catfish producers supply.
    So, anyone entering the line of business at any point will make
    profit.
    Tilapia  or other species not being able to replace Catfish
    Tilapia is very tasty, but no Nigerians want to die of fish
    bone. Tilapia has bone in the flesh which requires special
    attention for consumption. When processed, its no more fresh and
    personally, I will buy imported fish sold at the market than buy
    expensive processed locally produced Tilapia. Same goes for
    processed Catfish. This condition and customers perception about
    fresh and non-fresh or processed fish prevent the market benefit
    of product diversification.
    Footnote:
    There are potential challenges ahead.
    *From:* Ololade <crystololade@yahoo.com>
    <mailto:crystololade@yahoo.com>
    *To:* "patrickjwood@yahoo.com" <mailto:patrickjwood@yahoo.com>
    <patrickjwood@yahoo.com> <mailto:patrickjwood@yahoo.com>;
    "sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk"
    <mailto:sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    <sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    <mailto:sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    *Sent:* Monday, September 12, 2011 3:10 PM
    *Subject:* Re: [Sarnissa] Fw: Freeze the Footprint of Food -
    Nature piece
    Hi Guy,
    I was about to ask the same question that Patrick asked about
    the obvious reasons why catfish farming took off in Nigeria and
    why a similar business model wouldnt work elsewhere in
    Africa.............? Can you be more specific?
    Regards.
    Ololade
    *From:* Patrick Wood <patrickjwood@yahoo.com>
    <mailto:patrickjwood@yahoo.com>
    *To:* Guy Delincé <g.delince@skynet.be> <mailto:g.delince@skynet.be>
    *Cc:* sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk
    <mailto:sarnissa-african-aquaculture@lists.stir.ac.uk>
    *Sent:* Monday, September 12, 2011 8:56 AM
    *Subject:* Re: [Sarnissa] Fw: Freeze the Footprint of Food -
    Nature piece
    Hi Guy,
There is not enough space and time on a discussion group board
    to expand on the different business models and different
    marketing strategies available......nor am I an expert (I am
    sure there are others who have written books about this
    stuff?)......not sure what you mean by suitable though - do you
    mean economically sustainable? If so guess it depends on the
    business model adopted.
Importantly whatever production model one undertakes (as this
    after all really a site about African aquaculture producion)
    success or failure - gauged by economic sustainability and
    growth - is very dependent on the "marketability" of the final
    offering.
On your second paragraph - surely smoking and/or drying is just
    another route to market and another offering.....especially so
    where there is no ice or refrigeration logistics to take
    something fresh to a marketplace. Alternative would be no sale
    at all. So, in that "business model", profit margin may not be
    as large (but that is mute anyway if no option) but at least it
    is not a write-off......
I think one will find that if domestic decision makers, with all
    the best intentions in the world to help develop countries,
    tried to instigated market protection there would be stiff
    resistance by the communities that tend to run the commercial
    import/export trade in many countries in Africa - be they
    nationalised Indian, Lebanese, Chinese or Europeans. Interests
    and political will do not always agree.
Can you explain what is so obvious about the reason that catfish
    fish farming took off in Nigeria.....and why a similar
    development (or business?) model wouldn’t work elsewhere in Africa?
Salut,
Patrick
On 12/09/2011 09:03, Guy Delincé wrote:
    Hi Patrick,
For the sake of the discussion, it would be nice if you could
    expand on the business models and their market strategies that
    you envisage or find suitable.
As for smoking or drying farmed fish, this does not consider
    that the fish traditionally smoked or dried in capture
    fisheries, is been processed because it cannot be sold fresh; it
    is processed just before it is about to rot (in the best cases)
    (even to hide the taste). This fish fetches a lower price than
    the fresh one. Adding production costs through processing will
    thus reduce your margins.
Convincing domestic decision-maker to protect their markets will
    be very difficult, unless they have a particular stake in that
    sector.
Of course, there is a major distinction between agriculture-led
    countries and countries where industrialisation is developing.
    The reason that catfish fish farming took off in Nigeria is
    obvious, a similar development  model wouldn’t work in a country
    like Guinea, Burundi or CAR (if the country still exists ...)
Cheers,
Guy Delincé.
Le 09/09/2011 20:50, Patrick Wood a écrit :
    Hi Guy,
I think that you have mistakenly used a logistics export model
    for high value game fish (weekly prices, air freight, auctions)
    that is not applicable to a low cost commodity traded product
    like tilapia.
The reason Chinese tilapia are cheap is simply because they are
    exporting to Africa 20%+ water pick up in the fillet using
    polyphosphates, not to mention playing with the glaze so even
    the net weights are often lower than stated. Also Chinese
    producers get export subsidies. So, in a lot of ways it is not
    about aquaculture at all.
Producers in Africa can go the Chinese way in the local
    marketplace or differentiate their products (fresh and without
    chemicals), smoked, dried, etc.
We started South American tilapia exports with frozen to the US
    but this soon developed to a fresh fillet system as Chinese
    frozen tilapia made it impossible to compete.
Of course a methodology much used in other countries to promote
    local industry (Brazil used it for many years) is to ban imports
    or tax them in such a way as to allow local competition or
    encumbent industries to survive. Even the US does it now with
    the Southern shrimp alliance....taxes are then directed towards
    helping internal industry - but this takes a lot of political
    will and probably a lot of mud slinging about denying Africans
    food security etc......
...........according to Jason Clay this will indirectly happen
    anyway as producers from SE Asia will re-route products to feed
    the burgeoning developed countries population and ever
    increasing demand for seafood.
I guess that the old adage for seafood also stands even in
    Africa - everyone talks about quality but buys on price.
Patrick
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La pisciculture au Nigeria - pourquoi a t-elle était un succès ? Peut on reproduire cela ailleurs en Afrique ?

Olivier MIKOLASEK

Elahdal Mohamed

Matar DIOUF

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