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<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">Dear </span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">BERG</span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">ers,</span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:"Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;color:rgb(127, 127, 127)"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt;color:black"> </span></span><br>
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<p align="center" style="color:black;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;text-align:left;margin:0px">
<span lang="en-US" style="margin:0px;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;font-size:12pt"></span></p>
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<p style="color:black;font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px">
<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"> </span></span><b style="color:rgb(32, 31, 30);font-size:15px"></b></p>
<div style="margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px;background-color:white">
<p style="font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt;color:black">Just a reminder that today, Andre Pereira (Exeter </span><span style="margin:0px;font-size:12pt;color:black"><span lang="en-US" style="margin:0px;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">University</span></span><span style="margin:0px;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt;color:black">)
is giving a seminar about his PhD project </span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">entitled "</span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;background-color:white"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;font-size:16px;color:black;text-indent:24px;background-color:white">The
evolution of kinship composition in mammals</span></span></span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">"</span><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><font color="#201F1E"><span style="margin:0px">.
Please see the abstract, and the link to the meeting, below.</span></font></span></p>
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<div style="margin:0px"><font face="Times,Times New Roman,serif"><span style="margin:0px;font-size:17.33px"><br>
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<div style="margin:0px"><font face="Times,Times New Roman,serif"><span style="margin:0px;font-size:17.33px"><span style="margin:0px">Please note that due to the faculty research day, today's seminar<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b>will
take place at 17:00<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>rather than 16:00.</span></font></div>
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<p style="color:black;font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px">
<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;color:rgb(32, 31, 30);background-color:white"><br>
</span></span></p>
<p style="color:black;font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px">
<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;color:rgb(32, 31, 30);background-color:white">Hope to see you later!</span></span></p>
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<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;color:rgb(32, 31, 30);background-color:white"><br>
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<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;color:rgb(32, 31, 30);background-color:white">Abstract</span></span></p>
<p style="color:black;font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px">
<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;color:rgb(32, 31, 30);background-color:white"><br>
</span></span></p>
<p style="color:black;font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px">
<span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"><span style="margin:0px;color:rgb(32, 31, 30);background-color:white"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;font-size:14.67px;color:black;text-indent:24px;background-color:white">All
else being equal, cooperating with kin results in overall larger inclusive fitness benefits than with non-kin. Animals can live with kin, non-kin or both, and this kinship composition can thus influence the benefits and costs of group-living and the evolution
of within-group cooperation. Yet, the kinship composition of mammalian groups remains uncharacterised. We characterised the taxonomic representation and evolutionary trajectory of kinship composition in mammals using pedigree data from the literature. We found
that the ancestors shared by the 18 species in our sample likely lived with kin for most of their evolutionary history. However, we found that only roughly half of the 18 species lived in groups where all same-sex individuals were related, whereas the other
half lived in groups where same-sex individuals featured kin and non-kin. Because it is not obvious why individuals might live with non-kin, these results spurred two questions: 1) When might group-members benefit from living with non-kin? 2) How might groups
that feature non-kin arise from groups that only feature related individuals? To answer the first question, we used an analytical model to calculate the theoretical optimal kin to non-kin ratio for a group according to the benefits that non-kin provide. Overall,
we found that living with some non-kin is beneficial when non-kin provide benefits that are larger than the benefits from inclusive fitness of the potential kin they displace. For the second question, we used agent-based models to simulate a scenario in which
group-members might need to increase group size and we explored under what conditions recruiting immigrant non-kin is beneficial. Overall, our results indicated that recruiting unrelated immigrants is beneficial when distance to optimal group size is large
and most potential immigrants are unrelated to group-members. Our findings indicate that living with a mixture of kin and non-kin is not rare in mammals and that non-kin can be valuable group-members, further highlighting the importance of considering both
indirect and direct fitness benefits as co-drivers of the evolution of sociality. </span><br>
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<p style="font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px;border:1pt none windowtext;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt">Link to the meeting:</span><span style="margin:0px;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:Times, "Times New Roman", serif;font-size:13pt"> </span></span></p>
<p style="font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px;font-size:13pt"> </span></span></p>
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<p style="font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif"><span style="caret-color:rgb(0, 0, 0);color:rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Calibri, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);display:inline !important">Forthcoming
seminars:</span><br>
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<p style="font-size:medium;font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;margin:0px"><span style="margin:0px;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif"><span style="caret-color:rgb(0, 0, 0);color:rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Calibri, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);display:inline !important"><br>
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<table width="583" style="caret-color:rgb(0, 0, 0);border-collapse:collapse;width:436pt">
<colgroup><col width="87" span="2" style="width:65pt"><col width="175" style="width:131pt"><col width="147" style="width:110pt"><col width="87" style="width:65pt"></colgroup>
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<td height="21" class="xl63" width="87" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border:0.5pt solid windowtext;height:16pt;width:65pt">
Date</td>
<td class="xl63" width="87" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-top-width:0.5pt;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:solid solid solid none;border-top-color:windowtext;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;width:65pt">
Time</td>
<td class="xl63" width="175" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-top-width:0.5pt;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:solid solid solid none;border-top-color:windowtext;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;width:131pt">
Speaker</td>
<td class="xl63" width="147" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-top-width:0.5pt;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:solid solid solid none;border-top-color:windowtext;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;width:110pt">
Affiliation</td>
<td class="xl63" width="87" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-top-width:0.5pt;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:solid solid solid none;border-top-color:windowtext;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;width:65pt">
Seminar title</td>
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<td height="21" class="xl64" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-left-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;border-left-color:windowtext;height:16pt">
27/04/2022</td>
<td class="xl65" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
16:00</td>
<td class="xl66" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:rgb(50, 49, 48);font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
André Pereira</td>
<td class="xl66" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:rgb(50, 49, 48);font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
University of Exeter</td>
<td class="xl68" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;vertical-align:bottom;border:none">
The evolution of kinship composition in mammals</td>
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<td height="21" class="xl64" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-left-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;border-left-color:windowtext;height:16pt">
04/05/2022</td>
<td class="xl65" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
16:00</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
Laura Lewis</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
Harvard University</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-top-width:0.5pt;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:solid solid solid none;border-top-color:windowtext;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
TBC, bonobo cognition</td>
</tr>
<tr height="21" style="height:16pt">
<td height="21" class="xl64" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-left-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;border-left-color:windowtext;height:16pt">
11/05/2022</td>
<td class="xl65" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
16:00</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
Alexander Weiss</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
University of Edinburgh</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
TBC</td>
</tr>
<tr height="21" style="height:16pt">
<td height="21" class="xl64" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-left-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;border-left-color:windowtext;height:16pt">
18/05/2022</td>
<td class="xl65" align="right" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
16:00</td>
<td class="xl69" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:rgb(33, 33, 33);font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;vertical-align:bottom;border:none">
Eva Reindl</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-left-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext;border-left-color:windowtext">
Durham University</td>
<td class="xl63" style="padding-top:1px;padding-right:1px;padding-left:1px;color:black;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;font-family:"Times Roman";vertical-align:bottom;border-right-width:0.5pt;border-bottom-width:0.5pt;border-style:none solid solid none;border-right-color:windowtext;border-bottom-color:windowtext">
TBC</td>
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25/05/2022</td>
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16:00</td>
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Shelley Culpepper</td>
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University of Stirling</td>
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Interspecific<font class="font6" style="font-weight:700"> </font><font class="font5">Olfactory Perception of Human Emotions: From the Horses Perspective</font></td>
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<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">The University achieved an overall 5 stars in the QS World University Rankings 2020</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" size="2">UK Sports University of the Year 2020 (Times Higher Good University Guide)</font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Arial" color="gray" size="2">The University of Stirling is a charity registered in Scotland, number SC 011159.<br>
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